Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma

Prevalence and pattern of hypertension and effect of body mass index on blood pressure in six communities of Biase LGA In Cross River, Nigeria

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Lawson Ekpe 1
Kingsley Osuji 2

1 Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria

2 Department of Chemical Pathology, Irrua Specialist Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.15171/jept.2018.04
Abstract
Objective: Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke, renal failure, and heart failure globally. This trend of complications has been seen even among our rural and urban dwellers in the tropics. This study aims at determining the prevalence and pattern of hypertension and body mass index (BMI) in six rural communities in Southern Nigeria.
Methods: Adult participants, aged 18-80 years of age from six rural Biase communities who presented for a health screening were recruited. This was a rural community-based cross-sectional study involving 419 adults. Information was obtained from questionnaires which were administered to assess and obtain demographic data. Blood pressure and anthropometric indices were measured from participants to assess the BMI and risk factors associated with hypertension, and pattern of blood pressure.
Results: A total of 419 enrolled for the study, but 137 had hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg) and this was made up of 86 females (62.8%) and 51 males (37.2%). Only 29 of the hypertensives (21.1%) were aware of their condition. The prevalence of hypertension was 32.7%. Moderate hypertension was the commonest presentation. High blood pressure, obesity and overweight was common among the women folk compared to the men that had isolated systolic hypertension (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: In recent times, hypertension is seen to be high even in rural settings; hence strict screening should be enhanced to allow for quicker diagnosis and early intervention.

Keywords

Hypertension
Rural
blood pressure
Prevalence
Nigeria
Subjects
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Journal of Emergency Practice and Trauma
Volume 4, Issue 2
July 2018
Pages 73-76

  • Receive Date 07 April 2018
  • Revise Date 23 April 2018
  • Accept Date 23 April 2018

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