Document Type : Original Article
Authors
- Amir Ghaffarzad 1
- Neda Seyedi 1
- Abazar Fathollahzadeh 2
- Homayon Sadeghi Bazargani 3
- Hassan Vaezi 4
- Farzad Rahmani 5
1 Emergency and Trauma Care Research Center, Emam Reza (AS) Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Health in Disaster and Emergencies, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Emam Reza (AS) Hospital, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4 Emergency Medicine Department, Shohadaye Haftome Tir Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
5 Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Emam Reza (AS) Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Objective: The vehicle's heaviness increases the severity of the accident and the probability of death. The study aimed to compare the severity of injuries and the outcome of the injuries caused by accidents between heavy vehicles and light vehicles. The physiological variables of the patients, the variables related to the accident, and the patients' outcomes were evaluated to achieve this goal. The output was based on bivariate analysis.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the emergency department of Imam Reza (AS) Hospital of Tabriz between March 2022 and July 2024. Four hundred nine multi-trauma patients related to road traffic accidents (RTAs) were included. The sampling method employed was a full census. Physiologic variables about patients and trauma severity were recorded. All data entered into SPSS 24.0 were compared between two groups using chi-square and independent samples t-tests.
Results: This study included 314 (76.8%) patients injured by light-vehicle accidents and 95 (23.2%) patients injured by heavy-vehicle accidents. The mean of trauma severity scores including GAP, RGAP, NTS, RTS, and REMS in heavy-vehicle accidents group were 17.0 ± 5.9, 16.3 ± 6.5, 15.6 ± 6.5, 6.2 ± 1.9, and 5.9 ± 5.6 respectively, and they were 22.4 ± 3.3, 21.8 ± 3.7, 21.8 ± 3.5, 7.6 ± 0.9, and 2.4 ± 3.1, respectively, in light-vehicle accidents. There were significant statistical differences between the two groups concerning the trauma severity scores of patients based on vehicle type (p-value < 0.001).
Conclusion: The study results show that the severity of trauma in heavy-vehicle accidents is higher, and the injured are in more critical conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors involved in heavy-vehicle accidents and take measures to reduce them.
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