Letter to Editor Infectious disease
COVID-19 epidemic: What happens to other routine patients admitted in the emergency department?

Shaghayegh Rahmani

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 53-54

Abstract
  Four weeks have passed from the first reported case of covid-19 in Iran. During the past month, thousands of patients ran to emergency departments (EDs) due to respiratory complaints. From the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, EDs have become particular units for admitting patients ...  Read More

Original Article Emergency medicine
The investigation of valid criteria for hospitalization and discharge in patients with limb cellulitis: a prospective cohort study

Samaneh Abiri; Mahdi Foroughian; Hamideh Akbar; Neema John Mehramiz; Naser Hatami; Abdol Ali Ameri; Navid Kalani; Esmaeil Rayat Dost; Saeed Barazandehpour

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 55-58

Abstract
  Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a valid model for patients’ admission or discharge from emergency services to improve the health system and reduce costs.Methods: This study was carried out using a prospective cohort method. The study population was patients with limb cellulitis ...  Read More

Original Article Emergency medicine
Pediatric upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children: etiology and treatment approaches

Esra Polat; Nevzat Aykut Bayrak; Günsel Kutluk; Hasret Ayyıldız Civan

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 59-62

Abstract
  Objective: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) is one of the most important and serious cause of emergency admission in childhood. The aim of the study was to evaluate the etiological factors and the treatment approaches in patients with UGB.Methods: In this retrospective study, children with UGB admitted ...  Read More

Original Article Emergency medicine
Investigating the relationship between how a chief complaint is expressed and the patient workflow

Sajjad Ahmadi; Niloufar Pouresmaeil; Farima Najjarian; Samad Shams Vahdati; Maryam Rahimpour Asenjan; Hamid Reza Morteza Bagi

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 63-67

Abstract
  Objective: Emergency departments and hospital emergency departments are important due to their critical role in providing urgent medical care to patients in dire need of medical interventions. Checking bottlenecks in new conditions and planning to reduce bed occupancy and hospitalization is needed. The ...  Read More

Original Article Emergency medicine
Assessment of awareness and attitude of EMS personnel concerning pre-hospital stroke care based on American Stroke Association Guideline

Payman Asadi; Vahid Monsef Kasmaei; Seyyed Mahdi Zia Ziabari; Shiva Bakian; Amir Noyani

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 68-72

Abstract
  Objective: Emergency medical services (EMS) is a critical component of health care system and the forefront of stroke care. The prominent role of EMS in stroke care is timely and accurate diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and transfer of the patients to stroke centers. The present study aimed to assess ...  Read More

Original Article Emergency medicine
The importance of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds

Fares Najari; Hadi Jafari; Ali Mohammad Alimohammadi; Dorsa Najari

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 73-76

Abstract
  Objective: Determination of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds is important due to the necessity of immediate workup in the emergency room as well as the legal aspects of cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of victim’s clothes in gunshot wounds referred to autopsy hall ...  Read More

Original Article Emergency medicine
A study of the factors associated with non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with chronic systemic hypertension

Mozhgan Taghizadeh; Mahdi Foroughian; Hamidreza Vakili; Seyed Reza Habibzadeh; Reza Boostani; Negar Morovatdar; Ehsan Bolvardi

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 77-81

Abstract
  Objective: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) following systemic and chronic hypertension is one of the main causes of acute stroke leading to disability and death. Identifying the risk factors in ICH patients can be effective in reducing bleeding and the rates of mortality and disability in these patients. ...  Read More

Original Article Radiology
A look on trauma code activation in a major trauma centre in UAE: a descriptive study

Mustafa Mahmood Eid; Maythem Al-Kaisy

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 82-86

Abstract
  Background:Trauma is considered to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world. This descriptive study has an emphasize on the epidemiology, mechanism and patterns of trauma, with a consideration of why trauma code was activated, and the imaging results in regard to the severity of ...  Read More

Original Article Emergency medicine
Trauma in pregnant women: an experience from a level 1 trauma center

Mishal Gillani; Sabah Uddin Saqib; Russell Seth Martins; Hasnain Zafar

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 87-91

Abstract
  Objective: Trauma is the significant non-obstetrical cause of maternal mortality in women aged 35 years or younger. It is expected to complicate around 1 in 12 pregnancies and accounts for 46% of such deaths. In this study, we present our experience of trauma during pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital ...  Read More

Brief Report Emergency medicine
A report on the experience of using ultrasound by emergency medical technicians in dealing with trauma patients in pre-hospital setting: a pilot study

Pir-Hossein Kolivand; Peyman Saberian; Mostafa Sadeghi; Maryam Modabber; Parisa Hasani-Sharamin

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 92-97

Abstract
  Objective: The current study was performed to provide real-time bedside ultrasonography for emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and assess the advantages and disadvantages of its application in dealing with trauma patients in pre-hospital setting from their viewpoints.Methods: This semi-experimental ...  Read More

Perspective Infectious disease
Urological surgery in the time of coronavirus pandemic

Manas Sharma; Shridhar C. Ghagane; Shubhashree Muralidhar; Shashank Patil; Naina R. Nerli; Rajendra B. Nerli

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 98-101

Abstract
  The current coronavirus pandemic forces us to realize the significance of the careful utilization of financial and health-care resources. At the same time, it is important to ensure the ability of urologists to function through this crisis to provide essential and emergency services. With regards to ...  Read More

Review Article Infectious disease
SARS-CoV-2 and its dynamic impact on emergency department preparedness and management

Sohil Pothiawala

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 102-108

Abstract
  Introduction: Emerging viral diseases (EVDs) pose a significant threat to public health. There have been a few viral epidemics in the last two decades. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global pandemic.Objective: To provide emergency physicians an update on severe acute respiratory syndrome ...  Read More

Case Report Emergency medicine
A case report of an unexpected traumatic brain injury following severe child abuse

Seyed Reza Habibzadeh; Ehsan Bolvardi; Esmail Rayat Dost; Mahdi Foroughian

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 109-111

Abstract
  Introduction: Child abuse has been defined as allowing others to cause physical, emotional, and sexual harm, and also physical and emotional pain to a child. The present study was a report on a case of physical and sexual child abuse accompanied by traumatic brain injury (TBI) referred to an emergency ...  Read More

Case Report Clinical Toxicology
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in a young man due to tramadol overdose

Zahra Ataee; Bita Dadpour

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 112-114

Abstract
  Objective: Tramadol is a synthetic analgesic with two mechanisms. The opioid and non-opioid mechanisms are responsible for tramadol side effects. Non-opioid side effects of tramadol are due to the reuptake inhibitions of serotonin and norepinephrine. Some of the side effects include anaphylactoid reactions, ...  Read More

Case Report Emergency medicine
Fournier’s gangrene following an ant bite in a healthy man: A very rare case report

Abbas Edalatkhah; Mohammad Ali Jafari; Sima Valizadeh; Alireza Esmaeili; Ehsan Zarepur

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 115-117

Abstract
  Objective: Necrotizing fasciitis of the perinea, referred to as Fournier’s gangrene, is a necrotizing infection of the perinea. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report on the Fournier’s gangrene following an ant bite and this is a rare case report of this type.Case Presentation: ...  Read More

Case Report Emergency medicine
Case report of a piece of dishwashing steel wool in a child’s pharynx

Parvin Aَbbaslou; Maryam Ahmadipour

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 118-120

Abstract
  Objective: Foreign body swallowing is a common pediatric problem. A foreign body in the pharynx is a medical emergency that requires urgent intervention. Evaluation and treatment of pharyngeal foreign bodies is much more difficult in children than in adults and sometimes requires hospitalization and ...  Read More

Case Report Clinical Toxicology
Severe hemoglobinuria due to Hemiscorpius enischnochela (Scorpiones: Hemiscorpiidae) envenomation from South of Iran

Mehran Shahi; Seyed Hamid Moosavy; Hossein Sanaei-Zadeh

Volume 6, Issue 2 , July 2020, Pages 121-125

Abstract
  Objective: Scorpion stings are common in tropical regions of Iran. Hemiscorpius enischnochela are distributed in southern part of Iran. The venom of this scorpion causes severe hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and occasionally death.Case Presentation: This report describes the clinical manifestations of envenomation ...  Read More